Here's an interesting article on Balzac and Pere Goriot, following up on what Nick said about the Balzac/Marx & Engels connection. Who knew the "de" in Balzac's name was a creation of the author himself?
http://www.nytimes.com/books/99/05/23/bookend/bookend.html?scp=9&sq=balzac%20goriot&st=cse